Turkmenistan: flag, capital, currency and history
Turkmenistan is a country in Central Asia, Asia. Its capital is Ashgabat. The currency is the Turkmenistan manat. Languages spoken include Russian and Turkmen.
Quick facts about Turkmenistan
- Official name
- Turkmenistan
- Capital
- Ashgabat
- Region
- Asia, Central Asia
- Currency
- Turkmenistan manat (TMT, m)
- Languages
- Russian, Turkmen
- Calling code
- +993
- Internet domain
- .tm
- Area
- 488,100 km² (188,456 sq mi)
- Land borders
- Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan
- Demonym
- Turkmen
Flag of Turkmenistan
Download the flag of Turkmenistan as a scalable SVG or as a PNG in three sizes. The flag emoji is 🇹🇲.
History of Turkmenistan
The territory of Turkmenistan lay along the ancient Silk Road, with oasis cities such as Merv among the major centres of Central Asia. It came under Persian, Arab, Seljuk and Mongol rule over the centuries, and Turkmen tribes later dominated the region. The Russian Empire conquered the area in the 1880s, notably after the siege of Geok Tepe in 1881. The Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic was established in 1925. Turkmenistan declared independence in 1991 as the Soviet Union dissolved. In 1995 the United Nations recognised its declared permanent neutrality. Its capital is Ashgabat.
Key dates
- 1881Russian forces capture the Geok Tepe fortress, advancing the conquest of the region.
- 1925The Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic is established.
- 1948A major earthquake devastates Ashgabat.
- 1991Turkmenistan declares independence as the Soviet Union dissolves.
- 1995The United Nations General Assembly recognises Turkmenistan's permanent neutrality.
A short overview, not a full history. Dates are given for well-documented events only.
Currency of Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan uses the Turkmenistan manat (TMT, m). Use our free currency converter to check exchange rates.
Festivals and greetings in Turkmenistan
Celebrations observed in Turkmenistan, with free greeting images and wishes you can personalise.
Frequently asked questions
What is the capital of Turkmenistan?
The capital of Turkmenistan is Ashgabat.
What currency does Turkmenistan use?
Turkmenistan uses the Turkmenistan manat (TMT, symbol m).
What languages are spoken in Turkmenistan?
Languages used in Turkmenistan include Russian and Turkmen.
What is the calling code of Turkmenistan?
The international calling code of Turkmenistan is +993. Its internet domain is .tm.
Which countries border Turkmenistan?
Turkmenistan shares land borders with Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.
On which continent is Turkmenistan?
Turkmenistan is in Asia, in the region of Central Asia.
Neighbours of Turkmenistan
More countries in Central Asia
Country data from the open mledoze/countries dataset (ODbL), with corrections. Flags from flag-icons (MIT).